INTERNET AND MODERN LIFE

The Internet has already entered our ordinary life. Every­body knows that the Internet is a global computer network, which embraces hundred of millions of users all over the world and helps us to communicate with each other.

The history of Internet began in the United States in 1969. It was a military experiment, designed to help to survive du­ring a nuclear war, when everything around might be polluted by radiation and it would be dangerous to get out for any li­ving being to get some information to anywhere. Information sent over the Internet takes the shortest and safest path avai­lable from one computer to another. Because of this, any two computers on the net will be able to stay in touch with each other as long as there is a single route between them. This tech­nology was called packet switching.

Invention of modems, special devices allowing your com­puter to send the information through the telephone line, has opened doors to the Internet for millions of people.

Most of the Internet host computers are in the United States of America. It is clear that the accurate number of users can be counted fairly approximately, nobody knows exactly how many people use the Internet today, because there are hundred of millions of users and their number is growing.

Nowadays the most popular Internet service is e-mail. Most of the people use the network only for sending and receiving e-mail messages. They can do it either they are at home or in the internet clubs or at work. Other popular services are avai­lable on the Internet too. It is reading news, available on some dedicated news servers, telnet, FTP servers, etc.

In many countries, the Internet could provide businessmen with a reliable, alternative to the expensive and unreliable tele­communications systems its own system of communications. Commercial users can communicate cheaply over the Internet with the rest of the world. When they send e-mail messages, they only have to pay for phone calls to their local service pro­viders, not for international calls around the world, when you pay a good deal of money.

But saving money is only the first step and not the last one. There is a commercial use of this network and it is drastically increasing. Now you can work through the internet, gambling and playing through the net.

However, there are some problems. The most important problem is security. When you send an e-mail, your message can travel through many different networks and computers. The data is constantly being directed towards its destination by special computers called routers. Because of this, it is pos­sible to get into any of the computers along the route, inter­cept and even change the data being sent over the Internet. But there are many encoding programs available. Notwithstanding, these programs are not perfect and can easily be cracked.

Another big and serious problem of the net is control Yes, there is no effective control in the Internet, because a huge amount of information circulating through the net. It is like a tremendous library and market together. In the future, the situation might change, but now we have what we have. It could be expressed in two words — an anarchist's dream.

QUESTIONS:

1.  What is the Internet?

2.  When and where did the history of Internet begin?

3.  Why was the Internet designed?

4.  What is modem?

5.  Where are most of the Internet host computers?

6.  What is the accurate number of internet users?

7.  What is the most popular Internet service today?

8.  What are other popular services available on the Inter­net?

9.  What is the most important problem of the Internet?

10. Why is there no effective control in the Internet today?

11 .Is there a commercial use of the network today?

VOCABULARY:

network — сеть

to embrace — охватывать, окружать

user — юзер, пользователь

to design — задумывать, придумывать, разрабатывать

to survive — выжить

nuclear war — ядерная война

to pollute — загрязнять

dangerous — опасный

path — путь, маршрут

available — доступный, имеющийся в распоряжении, на­личный

the net — интернет, сеть